Skip to content
NatureHQ

Study

Evolving Darwin’s most wonderful plant: ecological steps to a snap-trap

Gibson, Thomas C.; Waller, Donald M.

New Phytologist, 2009

Peer-reviewednarrative reviewmixed

A comparative reconstruction of how a snap-trap could evolve from a sticky flypaper trap, drawing on the shared ancestry of Dionaea and Drosera and on the ecological conditions where carnivorous plants occur.

Studied in
Dionaea muscipula, Drosera
Sample size
comparative synthesis across sundews and the flytrap

Carnivory pays only in habitats that are simultaneously wet, sunny and extremely poor in nitrogen and phosphorus. Insect prey supplies nutrients, not energy — the plant still photosynthesises for carbon — and the trap is expensive enough that it is a net loss anywhere richer.

What it means

The authors' reading, and ours. Where they differ, that difference is the point.

How the authors put it

The snap-trap is a plausible elaboration of an ancestral sticky trap, constrained to a narrow ecological window where soil nutrients are the binding limit.

How NatureHQ reads it

This is the study that answers the question people actually ask — "does it need to eat bugs?" — and the answer is no, not for energy. A flytrap photosynthesises like any other plant and would starve without light. Insects supply nitrogen and phosphorus that its native bog cannot, which is why a well-fed houseplant in decent compost survives without ever catching anything, and why the plant is confined in the wild to a strip of nutrient-poor savanna.

  • A reconstruction, not an experiment; the evolutionary sequence is inferred from comparative anatomy.
  • Cost-benefit estimates for trap construction are approximate.
  • Draws on a small clade; conclusions may not extend to pitcher plants, which trap very differently.

What this study is used for on NatureHQ

One study can inform several subjects. Here is everywhere this one is cited.

Published by: Wiley journalsPublished in a Wiley journal.

doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2009.02935.x

This reference was resolved automatically against Crossref on 2026-08-11.

NatureHQ summarises research in its own words and does not reproduce published text. Reviewed 2026-08-10.